The Golden State: Where & How to Live, Secure, Visit, Enjoy and Thrive in California

How To Design And Install Plumbing

Connection with the Main Sewer. In a preceding chapter, sewers constructed of concrete, brick, and vitrified clay pipe were discussed. Each of these types of sewers requires a special kind of house sewer connection. Efficiency of the house sewer can be increased by making a good connection at the main.

Fig. 40 illustrates the method of making a connection into a concrete main sewer.

The hole in the concrete sewer is made with a well-sharpened point chisel. The mechanic must proceed slowly, making a small hole through the sewer wall, then gradually enlarging it until it is sufficiently large in diameter to receive the sleeve, which is cut from vitrified clay pipe. Precaution must be taken against breaking down the interior wall of the public sewer. This type of connection generally is supervised by local authority.

After the hole in the sewer has been completed, the wall thickness can be measured and a sleeve of vitrified clay pipe of this length may be cut. As the illustration indicates, the exterior surface of the bell rests on the outside wall of the sewer, and the sleeve does not extend into the sewer but is flush with the inside wall. This practice prevents the sleeve from falling away from the next pipe connection and also eliminates obstruction of the sewer.

As a rule the fitting used to start the house sewer into the building is a long sweep curve. The curve is inserted into the sleeve and a substantial cement joint is made to hold the sleeve in place and strengthen the damaged sewer wall.

The connection into a concrete sewer, as Fig. 40 illustrates, is made above the flow line of the sewer, entering it at a 45-degree angle or directly into the top.

Connections in Brick Sewers. Public sewers constructed of brick are obsolete. The connections into them, however, are identical with those of concrete sewers.

Connections in Vitrified Clay Sewers. Connections usually are provided in the vitrified clay type of public sewer for each piece of plotted property. They consist of Y fittings, usually of 6-inch diameter, sealed with a clay disc.