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Coloring Finishing And Painting Wood
8. Apply one or two coats of diluted boiled linseed-oil (1 part oil to about 3 parts turpentine), and always allow two or three days between coats for drying. Rub the oil after applying it, and remove all excess with nearly dry waste or rags.
9. Shellac with diluted denatured-alcohol shellac, consisting of 2 parts liquid white shellac, 1/2 part orange shellac, and 1 to 2 parts denatured alcohol. The shellac should
dry from 8 to 24 hours.
10. Sand very carefully with No. 000 sandpaper.
11. Apply at least two coats of floor-wax, and rub to a polish about 15 minutes after each waxing. Instead of waxing, some finishers prefer to varnish over the shellac coat with a flat or dull varnish for the last process. Varnish should not be put over wax without removing the wax with gasoline.
Colors And Wood-Stains
51. Colors Used in Wood-Staining.—The colors which are most commonly used by the wood-finisher at the present time are red, orange, green, brown, and black. Other colors in combination are frequently put together, often shading into neutral grays. Yellows and blues, while not used in the finishing-room in their pure form, are needed for mixing with other colors.
52. Definitions of Terms.—A statement of the meanings of hue, chroma, tint, shade, and other terms, as used by the discriminating colorist may be of some help to the woodfinisher.
Hue is frequently used in the sense of color, as red, yellow, and so on. It is also employed in referring to a variation of a color as a result of mixing a small quantity of another color with it. Thus we say that the hues of blue spread out toward the violet-blues on one side, and toward the green-blues on the other. To the scientist, hue means a color of a definite wave-length.
Chroma refers to the strength, brilliancy, or intensity of a color. We can say that chrome-yellow is a brilliant color of high chroma; or that it is a strong color, while yellowochre is a dull color of weak chroma. Colors lose in chroma or intensity as a result of being neutralized or grayed.
Shade refers to the darker effects produced by adding black to a color. In a broader sense the term shade is now commonly used to include the tints of lighter steps of a color, as well as the darker effects. The shade of a color in its exact meaning refers to a spectral or brilliant color to which black has been added thus lowering it in tone.
1 tint of a color is a lighter effect produced by adding white to an oil-color or water to a transparent stain. A tint is lighter and more delicate than the standard color which is the spectral hue.
