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(2) Crush Resistance: Nylon is elastic and resilient. It makes a cushiony pile that has excellent recovery from crushing.

(3) Color: It can be dyed satisfactorily in a wide range of shades fast to light and washing.

(4) deducibility: Nylon is a smooth round fiber and dirt can be easily removed from it.

As it absorbs very little moisture, water-soluble stains are not absorbed.
Acrylic Fibers are a recent addition to the carpet industry. Being man-made, they are available in the size and weight suitable for carpet. Acrylic fibers are composed of 85 per cent or more of "acrylonitrile," which is a liquid derivative of natural gas and air.

Contribution of Acrylic Fibers to Carpet

(1) Durability: Tests of the acrylic fibers show that they have very good resistance to abrasion and withstand prolonged hard wear.

(2) Color: Because of the dyeing properties of acrylic fibers, their color is true and clear. Carpets made of acrylic yarns are available in a wide range of color.

(3) Cleanability: Acrylics have very good resistance to soiling. Acrylic fiber carpets are easily cleaned by conventional methods.

(4) Resiliency: Perhaps the most important contribution of these new fibers are their excellent resiliency. Tests have shown acrylics to have very good resistance to crushing and matting.

BACKING, DYEING AND PADDING

Backing. The foundation or underside of the carpet that secures the pile yarns in position and provides a firm foundation is called the backing. Backing yarns are made of various fibers that give the carpet added strength and dimensional stability—ability to resist stretching and shrinking. Additional heavy yarns running the length of the carpet to increase the amount of backing fibers are called "stuffers." Among backing fibers commonly used are jute—a vegetable fiber imported from India and the Philippines; kraftcord—a tough, tightly twisted yarn made from wood pulp; cotton—used as a chain binder; rayon—used in heavy strands; and wool, the most expensive backing material, sometimes used in quality carpets like Chenille and Wiltons.

All tufted carpet, as well as much of the woven carpet, is coated with latex on the back to seal the tufts.